FLARES

The First Light And Reionisation Epoch Simulations

Cosmological hydrodynamic simulations have, in recent years, become capable of matching key distribution functions in the local universe, such as those of stellar mass and star formation rate. However, high resolution, large volume simulations have rarely been tested in the high redshift (z > 5) regime, particularly in the most overdense environments. Creating models that fit both high redshift and low redshift observables self consistently is a significant challenge, but key to understanding the properties of galaxies in the first billion years of the universe’s history, and how this affects their latter evolution. Such models are also necessary to make detailed predictions, and plan observations, for upcoming space based instruments, such as JWST, WFIRST and Euclid.

Figure of merit showing the general anti-correlation between simulation resolution and volume probed. FLARES is able to break this correlation, and explore much larger effective volumes at high fidelity.

The First Light And Reionisation Epoch Simulations (FLARES) are one approach to these issues. FLARES consists of a suite of 40 ‘zoom’ simulations using a modified version of the EAGLE code. We selected regions at high redshift, with a range of overdensities, from an enormous periodic dark matter-only volume, and resimulated these with full hydrodynamics at fiducial EAGLE resolution.

I led the first release paper (Lovell et al., 2021) in which we study predictions for the galaxy stellar mass function, star formation rate function and star-forming sequence as a function of environment. I also led a paper studying passive galaxy populations in the high redshift (z > 5) regime (Lovell et al., 2023). Further work with the FLARES suite is described in (Vijayan et al., 2021; Vijayan et al., 2022; Roper et al., 2022; Wilkins et al., 2022; D’Silva et al., 2023; Roper et al., 2023; Wilkins et al., 2023; Wilkins et al., 2023; Seeyave et al., 2023; Thomas et al., 2023; Vijayan et al., 2024; Wilkins et al., 2023; Wilkins et al., 2024; Punyasheel et al., 2024; Wilkins et al., 2024; Maltz et al., 2024)

References

2024

  1. MNRAS
    First Light And Reionisation Epoch Simulations (FLARES) - XII: The consequences of star-dust geometry on galaxies in the EoR
    Aswin P. Vijayan, Peter A. Thomas, Christopher C. Lovell, and 5 more authors
    MNRAS, Jan 2024
    ADS Bibcode: 2024MNRAS.527.7337V
  2. MNRAS
    First Light and Reionization Epoch Simulations (FLARES) - XIV. The Balmer/4000 Å breaks of distant galaxies
    Stephen M. Wilkins, Christopher C. Lovell, Dimitrios Irodotou, and 10 more authors
    MNRAS, Jan 2024
    ADS Bibcode: 2024MNRAS.527.7965W
  3. arXiv
    First Light And Reionisation Epoch Simulations (FLARES) XVI: Size Evolution of Massive Dusty Galaxies at Cosmic Dawn from UV to IR
    Paurush Punyasheel, Aswin P. Vijayan, Thomas R. Greve, and 9 more authors
    Aug 2024
    Publication Title: arXiv e-prints ADS Bibcode: 2024arXiv240811037P
  4. arXiv
    First Light and Reionization Epoch Simulations (FLARES) – XV: The physical properties of super-massive black holes and their impact on galaxies in the early universe
    Stephen M. Wilkins, Jussi K. Kuusisto, Dimitrios Irodotou, and 9 more authors
    Apr 2024
    Publication Title: arXiv e-prints ADS Bibcode: 2024arXiv240402815W
  5. arXiv
    First Light and Reionisation Epoch Simulations (FLARES) XVII: Learning the galaxy-halo connection at high redshifts
    Maxwell G. A. Maltz, Peter A. Thomas, Christoper C. Lovell, and 6 more authors
    Oct 2024
    arXiv:2410.24082

2023

  1. MNRAS
    First light and reionisation epoch simulations (FLARES) - VIII. The emergence of passive galaxies at z ≥ 5
    Christopher C. Lovell, Will Roper, Aswin P. Vijayan, and 9 more authors
    MNRAS, Nov 2023
    ADS Bibcode: 2023MNRAS.525.5520L
  2. MNRAS
    Unveiling the main sequence of galaxies at z ≥ 5 with the JWST: predictions from simulations
    Jordan C. J. D’Silva, Claudia D. P. Lagos, Luke J. M. Davies, and 2 more authors
    MNRAS, Jan 2023
    ADS Bibcode: 2023MNRAS.518..456D
  3. MNRAS
    First light and reionization epoch simulations (FLARES) IX: the physical mechanisms driving compact galaxy formation and evolution
    William J. Roper, Christopher C. Lovell, Aswin P. Vijayan, and 6 more authors
    MNRAS, Dec 2023
    Publisher: OUP ADS Bibcode: 2023MNRAS.526.6128R
  4. MNRAS
    First light and reionization epoch simulations (FLARES) V: the redshift frontier
    Stephen M. Wilkins, Aswin P. Vijayan, Christopher C. Lovell, and 7 more authors
    MNRAS, Feb 2023
    ADS Bibcode: 2023MNRAS.519.3118W
  5. MNRAS
    First Light And Reionization Epoch Simulations (FLARES) VII: The star formation and metal enrichment histories of galaxies in the early Universe
    Stephen M. Wilkins, Aswin P. Vijayan, Christopher C. Lovell, and 8 more authors
    MNRAS, Jan 2023
    ADS Bibcode: 2023MNRAS.518.3935W
  6. MNRAS
    First light and reionization epoch simulations (FLARES) X III: the lyman-continuum emission of high-redshift galaxies
    Louise T. C. Seeyave, Stephen M. Wilkins, Jussi K. Kuusisto, and 10 more authors
    MNRAS, Oct 2023
    ADS Bibcode: 2023MNRAS.525.2422S
  7. MNRAS
    First light and reionization epoch simulations (FLARES) X: environmental galaxy bias and survey variance at high redshift
    Peter A. Thomas, Christopher C. Lovell, Maxwell G. A. Maltz, and 5 more authors
    MNRAS, Sep 2023
    ADS Bibcode: 2023MNRAS.524...43T
  8. MNRAS
    First light and reionization epoch simulations (FLARES) XI: [O III] emitting galaxies at 5 \textless z \textless 10
    Stephen M. Wilkins, Christopher C. Lovell, Aswin P. Vijayan, and 12 more authors
    MNRAS, Jul 2023
    ADS Bibcode: 2023MNRAS.522.4014W

2022

  1. MNRAS
    First Light And Reionisation Epoch Simulations (FLARES) III: The properties of massive dusty galaxies at cosmic dawn
    Aswin P. Vijayan, Stephen M. Wilkins, Christopher C. Lovell, and 6 more authors
    MNRAS, Feb 2022
    ADS Bibcode: 2022MNRAS.tmp..355V
  2. MNRAS
    First Light And Reionisation Epoch Simulations (FLARES) - IV. The size evolution of galaxies at z ≥ 5
    William J. Roper, Christopher C. Lovell, Aswin P. Vijayan, and 5 more authors
    MNRAS, Aug 2022
    ADS Bibcode: 2022MNRAS.514.1921R
  3. MNRAS
    First Light and Reionisation Epoch Simulations (FLARES) - VI. The colour evolution of galaxies z = 5-15
    Stephen M. Wilkins, Aswin P. Vijayan, Christopher C. Lovell, and 6 more authors
    MNRAS, Dec 2022
    ADS Bibcode: 2022MNRAS.517.3227W

2021

  1. MNRAS
    First Light And Reionization Epoch Simulations (FLARES) - I. Environmental dependence of high-redshift galaxy evolution
    Christopher C. Lovell, Aswin P. Vijayan, Peter A. Thomas, and 4 more authors
    MNRAS, Jan 2021
  2. MNRAS
    First Light And Reionization Epoch Simulations (FLARES) – II: The photometric properties of high-redshift galaxies
    Aswin P Vijayan, Christopher C Lovell, Stephen M Wilkins, and 5 more authors
    MNRAS, Mar 2021